probably. We don’t know exactly, but it seems so, that it was done to absolutely get rid of any kind of resistance by hunger. Hunger is a very strong and terrible thing.
Mr. HARMASH: Lessen resistance, very important to remember, Ukrainian resis¬tance.
Ms. HARMASH: Because since Ukraine is a very rich country in comparison with other part of the Soviet Union, with other republics, it’s very rich soil, black soil, and it was very important for the Communist Party to exploit as much as possible.

They thought collectivization would bring this condition that they want to have in order to exploit the rich soil of the Ukraine, the national feelings. Of course, there were many, many sent from central Russia, especially Communist activists.

They came from Moscow too, and they stayed in the Ukraine until they achieved their goal of collectivization, of making people to subject their will to their orders.
Mr. HARMASH: There was 25,000. This name was familiar to everybody in the Ukraine, because 25,000 members of the Communist Party were sent to the countryside to implement the politics of starvation to subjugate the people.

I heard the question. Did we tell our friends and acquaintances of our experience in the Ukraine between the American people, but it’s hard to believe.

Right now, looking back, would you believe me right now that some moments, going through my head, I even don’t believe it is possible to happen. We were forced after we left our homeland, we were forced to live in Germany for several years.

We got friendly with people there too, and we told them what was our experience in such years that we lived through. In 1932,1933, we received box cars full of grain with the sign ’surplus from Ukraine’ that was shipped to us.
Senator DeCONCINI: They didn’t believe it.
Ms. HARMASH: Yes, I wanted to add that. Thank you very much.
Senator DeCONCINI: Thank you very much.
Ms. HARMASH: And for American people, we tried to tell them, we still do, and with most of them, it would be absolute indifference.
Senator DeCONCINI: That’s the purpose of these hearings.
Ms. HARMASH: Or they will say, oh, yes, we had hunger too. Our people had to look in the trash cans for a rotten apple. I say trash cans? We didn’t know what trash cans means. Nothing was thrown in the trash cans in our country.
Mr. HARMASH: There was nothing to throw there.
Ms. HARMASH: Everything was eaten, grass, leaves, people ate until they died.
Senator DeCONCINI: Thank you very much for your testimony. We will now hear from Mr. William Krewsun. Is that correct?
Mr. KREWSUN: I didn’t prepare any testimony. I can only tell you some, and if you need a written statement, I can send it.
Senator DeCONCINI: We’ll be glad to leave the record open, Mr. Krewsun, if you want to send a statement of some length. We’ll be glad to take it within ten days or two weeks if you care to, but if you care to testify here, this is the time to do it, sir.
We have a number of other witnesses, so if you will summarize or give us an ex¬ample of what you remember, that would be helpful.